AI application framework · 02

Detailed explanation of LlamaIndex· Data connection and RAG engine (feeding knowledge to AI)

Give the LLM external knowledge to make Q&A more accurate.

FRAMEWORK MAP
Detailed explanation of LlamaIndex
Data connection and RAG engine (feeding knowledge to AI)
Give the LLM external knowledge to make Q&A more accurate.
One-sentence summary

LlamaIndex is like a super librarian, helping you organize all kinds of data, quickly find the most relevant content when you need it, and then pass it to the LLM to generate accurate answers.

1. What is LlamaIndex?

LlamaIndex (formerly GPT Index) is used to buildData-driven LLM appframework. Core goal: connect various data sources, build indexes, and provide powerful retrieval and generation capabilities.

Data source
Load data from various sources
Index building
Organize, chunk, vectorize
Retrieval augmentation
Quickly retrieve relevant information
Generate a response
Generate answers based on context

2. Core flow (RAG flow)

Step 1
Data Loading
Load
Step 2
Text chunking
Chunk
Step 3
Vectorization
Embed
Step 4
Index building
Index
Step 5
Search
Retrieve
Step 6
Generate a response
Generate

3. Core Modules (Code Map)

Readers data loader

Supports multiple data sources (files, web pages, databases, etc.)

Nodes Nodes (text blocks)

Split documents into semantically similar nodes

Indexes index structure

Organize and store nodes using multiple index structures

Retrievers retrievers

Retrieve relevant text from the index based on the query

Query Engine Query Engine

Integrate retrieval and LLM to generate the final answer

Embeddings embedding models

Convert text into vector representations

Storage layer

Store data such as indexes, documents, and vectors

Callbacks callback mechanism

Logs, debugging, event handling, etc.

4. Data loading (data sources supported by Readers)

File
PDFTXTDOCXPPTXCSVJSON
Web page
websiteAPI interfaceRSSNotionGitHubYouTube
Database
SQLMongoDBPostgreSQLMySQLElasticsearch
Other
SlackCloud storage (S3, GCS)Custom data sources

5. Index structure (Indexes)

Vector Index
Vector index

Based on vector similarity retrieval (most common)

Suitable for:General Q&A, semantic search
Tree Index
Tree index

Build a hierarchy suitable for summary-type queries

Suitable for:Hierarchical summarization is needed
List Index
List index

Ordered list, simple and intuitive structure

Suitable for:Simple sequential access
Keyword Index
Keyword index

Keyword-matching-based retrieval

Suitable for:Exact keyword match
Graph Index
Graph index

Relationship graphs, complex knowledge retrieval

Suitable for:Graph relationships required

6. Retrieval and queries (Retrieval)

Top K retrieval

Return to the K most relevant nodes

Similarity threshold search

Return nodes with similarity above the threshold

Hybrid retrieval (Hybrid)

Vector search + keyword search

Reranking (Rerank)

Use a reranking model to optimize results

Context compression (Compression)

Compress context while preserving key information

7. Query Engine (Query Engine)

RetrieverQA

Basic Q&A generation

SubQuestion

Subproblem decomposition

Router

router multiple strategies

Chat

Conversation mode, supports multi-turn dialogue

Custom

Custom engine, flexibly extensible

8. Core features

  • Unified interface: supports multiple data sources and LLMs
  • Modular design: composable components that are easy to extend
  • Efficient indexing: multiple index structures optimize retrieval performance
  • RAG optimization: retrieval-augmented generation, reducing hallucinations
  • Production-ready: supports concurrency, batching, caching, etc.
  • Rich ecosystem: integrates with mainstream vector databases and tools

9. Code examples (Quick Start)

from llama_index.core import SimpleDirectoryReader, VectorStoreIndex
from llama_index.core.query_engine import RetrieverQueryEngine

# 1. Load data
reader = SimpleDirectoryReader("./data")
documents = reader.load_data()

# 2. Build index
index = VectorStoreIndex.from_documents(documents)

# 3. Create query engine
query_engine = index.as_query_engine(similarity_top_k=3)

# 4. Query
response = query_engine.query("What is LlamaIndex?")
print(response)

10. Real-world cases & open-source projects